Where It Hurts Usually Isn't Where the Problem Is
By Josh Kennedy, RMT, June 9, 2026
When a muscle is tight and sore, it is usually because it is doing extra work to cover for something nearby that has gone quiet. Treating the sore muscle gives temporary relief, but the tension comes back because the real source of the problem has not changed. Finding and addressing that source is what produces lasting results.
Why is the pain somewhere other than the problem?
Your body is interconnected. When one muscle stops working well, whether from underuse, injury, or just accumulated habits over years, other muscles nearby take on its load. Those compensating muscles get overworked. Over time, they become sore, tight, and inflamed. That soreness is real pain. But the muscle causing the problem is usually the quiet one, not the loud one.
This is why people can get the same area of their back worked on session after session and still have the problem return within days. The area being treated is not where the dysfunction started.
Is it really my shoulder, or something else?
Upper back and shoulder pain is a good example. The muscles across your upper back and between your shoulder blades, the rhomboids and mid-trapezius, are commonly sore and tight in people who work at desks or drive a lot. They feel tense and tender to the touch.
But in many cases, those muscles are tight because of weakness in the chest and front of the shoulder, not because of a problem with the upper back itself. The body uses what it has. When the muscles in front are not doing their part, the muscles in back compensate, and eventually they give out.
Working on just the upper back gives relief for a day or two. Working on the underlying cause changes the pattern.
Common examples of pain that points elsewhere
- Lower back pain often traces to weak hip muscles and a quiet core, not a problem in the back itself.
- Knee pain is frequently driven by how the hip loads the leg, not by anything structurally wrong in the knee.
- Neck tension and headaches can start in the hips and shoulders and travel upward along the spine.
- Elbow pain, the kind often called tennis elbow, is often linked to restriction and weakness in the shoulder rather than overuse of the elbow itself.
How does an RMT find the real source?
Through movement assessment and touch. Watching someone move reveals which muscles are doing the work and which ones are staying quiet when they should be active. Feeling the tissue tells a different story again. A muscle that is overworked and compensating feels tight and rope-like. A muscle that has lost tone and gone quiet feels almost empty, without the usual resistance you would expect when you press into it.
The sore spot gets attention, but it is rarely where treatment begins. That order matters.
Assessment before treatment, every time.
Functional Massage is built around finding the real source of the problem, not just treating the pain location. If you have been stuck in the same pain cycle, this is where to start.
Frequently asked questions
Why does my shoulder hurt if the problem is somewhere else?
When one muscle is weak or not activating properly, nearby muscles pick up the slack. Over time those compensating muscles get overloaded and start to hurt, even though they are not the real source of the problem.
What does referred pain feel like?
It varies. Sometimes it is an ache in a muscle that never seems to release. Sometimes it is tension, pulling, or a dull soreness that moves around or does not respond to stretching.
How does an RMT find the real source of pain?
By assessing movement, watching what muscles are working and which ones are not, and using touch to feel the texture and tone of the tissue. The sore spot is often the last thing treated.
Can massage help if my pain is from compensation patterns?
Yes. Releasing the overworked compensating muscles and helping reactivate the weaker ones is exactly what Functional Massage is designed to do.
Questions about your condition?
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